７８：RBMの機能とは（基本中の基本）

０３年時点では馬国はIRBMを推進するとの表明をしていたが、その後すぐIWRMに変った。IRBMはIWRMのサブセットであり当然のこと。０３年時はDANIDAの支援を受けていたことでIRBMが先に紹介されたのであろう。さて、肝心のRBMの機能とは何か？

1, Plan: Formulation of medium- to long-term plans for managing and developing water
resources in the basin.

2. Construct facilities: Activities executed for the design and construction of hydraulic infrastructure.

3. Maintain facilities: Activities executed to maintain the serviceability of the hydraulic infrastructure in the basin.

4. Allocate water: Mechanisms and criteria by which water is apportioned among different use sectors, including the environment.

5. Distribute water: Activities executed to ensure that allocated water reaches its point of use.

6. Monitor and enforce water quality: Activities executed to monitor water pollution and salinity levels and ensure that they remain at or below accepted standards.

7. Preparedness against water disasters: Flood and drought warning, prevention of floods, and development of emergency works, drought preparedness, and coping mechanisms.

8. Resolve conflicts: Provision of space or mechanisms for negotiation and litigation.

9. Protect ecosystems: Priorities and actions to protect ecosystems, including awareness campaigns.

10. Coordinate: Harmonization of policies and actions undertaken in the basin by state and nonstate actors relevant to land and water management.

Note: The functions listed here subsume supporting functions such as data collection and resource mobilization, which are not ends in themselves, but rather facilitate the higher level functions listed.

Source: Adapted from Svendsen, Wester, and Molle 2005.

だからといって、これらを実施することがIWRMではないのである。こういった基本的な機能を効果的・効率的に実施するには何をどうintegrateするか？この視点でIWRMの問題点、課題を考えるといいんだろうか。IWRMを指導する側として。IWRMのbefore and afterか。